Taxation and accounting

TDS Basics for Small Businesses in India

A beginner-friendly guide to TDS for small businesses in India — what it is, when you must deduct it, the role of TAN, and how to stay compliant.

Taxation and accounting · 5 min read · Updated 2026-05-23

What is TDS

TDS, or Tax Deducted at Source, is a system where tax is deducted at the time certain payments are made — such as salaries, professional fees, rent or contractor payments — and deposited with the government on behalf of the recipient. As your business grows, you are likely to become responsible for deducting TDS.

When you need to deduct TDS

TDS applies to specific types of payments above certain thresholds. Common examples include payments to professionals, contractors, landlords and employees. The applicable rate depends on the nature of the payment. Knowing which of your payments attract TDS is the first step to compliance.

The role of TAN

To deduct and deposit TDS, your business generally needs a Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number (TAN). This is different from your PAN and is required for TDS-related filings. Obtaining a TAN is a one-time step.

Your TDS responsibilities

  • Deduct TDS at the correct rate when making applicable payments
  • Deposit the deducted amount with the government on time
  • File periodic TDS returns
  • Issue TDS certificates to the recipients

Why compliance matters

Late deduction, late deposit or non-filing can attract interest, late fees and disallowance of expenses. Because the rules and thresholds are specific, many small businesses prefer to have this handled by professionals to avoid mistakes.

How Aidwish helps

Aidwish manages your TDS end to end — obtaining TAN, deducting at the right rates, depositing on time, filing returns and issuing certificates — so you stay compliant without the headache.

FAQ

Questions, answered

What is TDS?

Tax Deducted at Source — tax deducted when certain payments are made and deposited with the government.

Do I need a TAN to deduct TDS?

Yes. A TAN is generally required to deduct and deposit TDS and file related returns.

What happens if TDS is not deposited on time?

It can attract interest, late fees and disallowance of the related expense.

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